Inequality and equality for the extent of products with a special factor
Keywords:
extent, product, rectangular, almost discrete, monotonically normal, $\sigma$-space, strong $\sigma$-space, $\mathbb{D C}$-likeAbstract
For a space $X$, let $e(X)=\sup \{|D|: D$ is a closed discrete subset in $X\} \cdot \omega$, which is called the extent of $X$. First, we give some examples of a rectangular product $X \times Y$ with $e(X \times Y)> e(X) \cdot e(Y)=\omega$. Secondly, we give an equivalent condition for a given space $X$ such that $e(X \times Y)>e(X) \cdot e(Y)$ for a certain special factor $Y$. Finally, we discuss when $e(X \times Y)=e(X) \cdot e(Y)$ for a product $X \times Y$ with a special factor $X$.
References
C. E. Aull, A generalization of a theorem of Aquaro, Bull. Austral. Math. Soc. 9 (1973), 105-108.
R. H. Bing, Metrization of topological spaces, Canad. J. Math. 3 (1951), 175-186.
Z. Balogh and M. E. Rudin, Monotone normality, Topology Appl. 47 (1992), 115-127.
R. Engelking, General Topology. Heldermann Verlag, Berlin (1989).
F. Galvin and R. Telgársky, Stationary strategies in topological games, Topology Appl. 22 (1986), 51-69.
I. Gorelic, On powers of Lindelöf spaces, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolinae 35 (1994), 383-401.
A. Hajnal and I. Juhasz, Lindelöf spaces à la Shelah, in: Topology II (Budapest, 1978), Colloq. Math. Soc. Bolyai 23, North-Holland, 1978, 555-567.
Y. Hirata, N. Kemoto and Y. Yajima, Products of monotonically normal spaces with various special factors, Topology Appl. 164 (2014), 45-86.
Y. Hirata and Y. Yajima, A characterization of the countable paracompactness for products of ordinals, Topology Appl. 282 (2020), 107325.
T. Hoshina and K. Morita, On rectangular products of topological spaces, Topology Appl. 11 (1980), 47-57.
H. J. K. Junnila and Y. Yajima, Normality and countable paracompactness of products with $sigma$-spaces having special nets, Topology Appl. 85 (1998), 375-394.
N. Kemoto, H. Ohta and K. Tamano, Products of spaces of ordinal numbers, Topology Appl. 45 (1992), 245-260.
N. Kemoto and Y. Yajima, Rectangular products with ordinal factors, Topology Appl. 154 (2007), 758-770.
K. Kunen, Set Theory, An Introduction to Independence Proofs, North-Holland, Amsterdam (1980).
E. Michael, The product of a normal space and a metric space need not be normal, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 69 (1963), 375-376.
K. Morita, Products of normal spaces with metric spaces, Math. Ann. 154 (1964), 365-382.
K. Nagami, $Sigma$-spaces, Fund. Math. 65 (1969), 169-192.
J. Novák, On the Cartesian product of two compact spaces, Fund. Math. 40 (1953), 106-112.
H. Ohta, On normal, non-rectangular products, Quart. J. Math. 32 (1981), 339344.
H. Ohta, A private communication.
A. Okuyama, Some generalizations of metric spaces, their metrization theorems and product spaces, Sci. Rep. Tokyo Kyouiku Daigaku Sect. A 9 (1967), 236-254.
B. A. Pasynkov, On the dimension of rectangular products, Soviet Math. Dokl. 16 (1975), 344-347.
M. E. Rudin and M. Starbird, Products with a metric factor, General Topology Appl. 5 (1975), 235-248.
S. Shelah, On some problems in general topology, Contemp. Math. 192 (1996), 91-101.
K. Tamano, A note on E. Michael's example and rectangular products, J. Math. Soc. Japan 34 (1982), 187-190.
R. Telgársky, Spaces defined by topological games, Fund. Math. 88 (1975), 193223.
T. Usuba, Products of Lindelöf spaces with points $G_delta$, Topology Appl. 252 (2019), 90-96.
Y. Yajima, Topological games and products I, Fund. Math. 113 (1981), 141-153.
Y. Yajima, Products of monotonically normal spaces with factors defined by topological games, Topology Appl. 159 (2012), 1223-1235.